A mirror is a popular, necessary piece of furniture, a working tool (make-up artists, cosmetologists). By studying the rating of the best illuminated mirrors for 2022, you can trace the popularity of additional features, fashion trends, choose a quality product at the best price.
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The first mirror was the reflection of people's faces on the water surface - rivers, lakes, puddles after rain. Until the 13th century, metal products were made - round, oval shapes made of bronze, copper, gold, and rock crystal were polished to a shine.
Products made from obsidian (volcanic glass, which is formed when lava cools) were popular. Parts of such rock were carefully polished. Man-made obsidian mirrors are found during excavations in the territory of modern Turkey. It is believed that such products were made in 6000 BC.
In ancient Rome (early AD), the first reflectors were made of glass, a thin layer of lead, gold, and tin.
The development of the production of glass objects, blowing various forms (1240) helped to start the manufacture of surfaces that clearly and vividly reflected the image. In 1279, John Pecamum, an Italian monk, invented the real glass mirror. The principle of production is that it is necessary to pour molten tin into a glass ball through a tube, evenly distribute it along the walls of the vessel.The cooled ball was broken, large fragments were framed, used as mirrors. The main drawback is the distorted image.
At the beginning of the 15th century, Venetian craftsmen invented flat mirrors, mercury amalgam (an alloy of mercury and other metals). A hot glass cylinder was divided into parts, rolled out on a copper surface, and a layer of amalgam was applied.
Mirrors began to be produced in large sizes, with beautiful frames. The cost is several ships for one mirror.
The French king Louis 14 (the sun king) lured away several Venetian masters, opened his own production of Saint-Gobain. The cost of mirror products has decreased several times. Mirror paintings began to be installed in royal palaces instead of stained glass windows.
The German chemist Justus von Liebig (1835) described the technology of using silver for mirror surfaces. This technique is used in the modern manufacture of reflectors, reflectors.
Mirrors are made from polished, unpolished sheet glass.
The main components - sand, limestone, soda are checked for impurities of metals, iron (high content - a greenish tint). Mirror glass is brewed in bath, pot furnaces of continuous, periodic action.
The glass ribbon is formed on a rolling machine between metal rollers that are cooled with water. To increase strength, it is fired. Improving the quality of the surface (fire polishing) - passing through a bath of molten metal.
Polishing, grinding - a special conveyor removes 1.25-2.5 mm. Diamond, steel rollers cut the canvas to the specified dimensions.
Finished mirror glass has a thickness of 2-6 mm. Light transmission - 84-85%.
Unpolished glass - small items (25-35 cm).
The main stages of production:
Desktop machines with rough diamonds (a large number of faces) are cut to the desired parameters.
Grinding, polishing glass edges. Facet - an edge processed at a certain angle. There is a steep, wide facet. Steep facet - processing with a width of 4-8 mm, at an angle of 40-50⁰. It is used for small, medium sizes (manual, pocket). Wide bevel - processing with a width of 20-25 mm, at an angle of 10-15⁰, large products.
There are three stages of faceting:
The product in a vertical position between the rubber rollers is treated with steam, chalk powder (brushes). Rinse with hot air and dry. Degrease from all sides with a solvent (gasoline, industrial alcohol).
Silver plating is the most common technology. The production uses an alkaline solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3). Reducing agent - invert sugar (boiling sugar, sulfuric acid), formaldehyde, salts of tartaric acid. The main chemical reaction is reduction, the deposition of silver on the surface under the influence of glucose from the reducing agent. The process takes place within 5-10 minutes, a silver film of 0.15-0.3 microns is obtained. Get a greater thickness - double, triple pouring (re-silvering). The disadvantage of the technology is the high cost of the product, the darkening of the surface (film of silver sulfide Ag2S) with humidity.
Vacuum aluminizing - immersion of glass in vacuum chambers (pressure 0.003 Pa).Aluminum evaporates and forms a film 0.12-0.14 µm thick. The metallization process is 15-20 minutes. Products with aluminum coating are moisture resistant (1.5-2 times more than silver coating), the cost is lower.
Large furniture mirrors - silver sputtering technology, everyday small ones - aluminized products.
Copper layer, paintwork materials.
Apply a copper film of the same thickness as the silver layer. The second layer is nitroenamel, nitrolac. Apply using lacquering machines. Protection against high humidity - a layer of nitro enamel with bituminous varnish.
Titanium coating is the most durable, strong, expensive.
There are several types according to functionality, place of application, fastening.
Decoration of premises, buildings. They use different forms (wood, flames), artificially aged (patinated), colors (tinted products).
They are located in bathrooms, dressing rooms, hallways, halls. The main function is to convey a clear, high-quality image of a part of the body, face, full height. Distinguish according to the method of location - floor, wall, desktop (stationary, portable).
Double-sided - one side gives a normal image, the second - an increase (3-10 times).
Swivel - rotate 180-360⁰.
Boudoir (dressing table), 2, 3-leaf - bedrooms, with shelves, cabinets for storing cosmetics, jewelry.
Additional functions - heating, touch panel, clock, wardrobe with mirrored doors, car (viewing angle up to 40⁰), music center.
The novelty of 2019 is a smart mirror with a backlight, a Bluetooth speaker, wireless charging for the phone.
The use of different light sources helps with cosmetic procedures, applying makeup. There are lighting formats:
Applying makeup - light sources with a color rendering index (CRI) - 80-100, lighting from 3-4 sides, brightness control.
Modern technologies offer a wide selection of mirrors in shape, color, size, functional features.
The main criteria for choosing a quality product that you should pay attention to.
The main criterion is where the mirror will hang (stand):
The most common options:
Standard figures, design solutions - different interiors:
Long-term use depends on the quality of the base material:
Moisture resistant materials - plastic, stainless steel. Simple, high-quality fastening - large dimensions, heavy frames.
LED, halogen or incandescent bulbs. Switching on is carried out by a button, a sensor, a remote control.
Shelves, lockers, sockets, functions - heating, clock, music via bluetooth.
A large selection of mirrors is offered by online stores, branded salons of famous brands. The purchase can be made directly in the store, order the goods online. When compiling a review of popular models, we focused on the popularity of goods from well-known online sites, the opinions of buyers.
Many modern models perform several functions at the same time (desktop - magnifying, cosmetic, wall - multifunctional).
Italian brand Boheme. Cosmetic, double-sided, with a 3-fold increase. The shape is round. Design is classic. Bronze color. Material - glass, brass. Parameters: width - 253 mm, height - 320 mm, depth - 450 mm. Installation - wall, hidden connection of electricity.
Manufacturer - Germany. The style is modern minimalism. Frame material chipboard. Rectangular shape. For the bathroom (high humidity). Parameters: height - 55 cm, width - 80 cm, depth - 3 cm. Weight - 5 kg. Installation - hanging, attached to the wall with two canopies. There is a backlight control. Warranty - 3 years.
German brand AM.RM. Made in Russia. Mirror surface. Material - glass, frame - chipboard. Weight - 4 kg. Hanging installation. Width 64 cm, height 55 cm, depth 3 cm. There is a backlight control with a switch.
Manufacturer Mixline (Russia). Rectangular shape. Location - walls of rooms with high humidity. Dimensions: height - 60 cm, width - 80 cm. Set - LED strip (terminal connection), fastening - dowel crutch. Moisture protection IP 68. The product is without a frame, there is a facet
Producer - Belberg (Germany). The shape is round. Mirror diameter - 17 cm, width - 21 cm.The frame is metal, silver. Double-sided: one side is normal, the other is 7x magnification. Swivel - 360 ⁰. Set - 4 batteries. Warranty - 12 months.
The manufacturer is the German company Beurer. Round shape on a chrome-plated leg. Desktop, two-sided. One side is 7x magnification. Diameter - 13 cm, width of the entire product - 20.5 cm. Product height - 31.5 cm. Light sources - 18 LEDs. Powered by 4 AAA batteries (included).
German manufacturer. Round mirror on a leg. Material - glass, chrome-plated metal. Dimensions: diameter - 21 cm, width - 25 cm, height - 40 cm. Double-sided, one side - 10x magnification. The LED backlight is controlled by a touch button. Swivel 360⁰.
The shape is rectangular. Case material - plastic. Illumination - 16 LEDs. Power supply - 4 AAA batteries. Rotation - 180 ⁰. Weight -0.4 kg.
Producer - Xiaomi Amiro (China). Round shape, plastic body. There is a brightness adjustment. Turns, folds. Diameter - 17 cm, height - 32 cm, weight - 0.6 kg. Light source - LEDs, power supply - built-in battery. The kit includes a USB-MicroUSB charging cable, a care cloth.
Producer - Scarlett (Russia-China). Rectangular shape (width - 21 cm, length - 16 cm), plastic case. Rotatable, the brightness of the lighting is adjusted by the touch button. Weight - 0.39 kg. Light source - 16 LEDs. Food - from 5 AA batteries.
Manufacturer - BaByliss (France). Diameter - 12 cm, height - 22 cm, weight - 0.5 kg. Two sides - normal, with 8x magnification. Power supply - from the network. Three backlight levels (cold, warm, neutral). Switch - based, mechanical.
Producer - GESS (Germany). Shape - rectangular, plastic body, three doors. Brightness adjustment, 3x magnification. Width - 19 cm, weight - 1 kg. Light source - 24 LEDs, power supply - 4 AA batteries.
Manufacturer - Xiaomi (China). The product is round in shape, diameter - 18 cm, height - 32 cm. Case material - metal, plastic. Weight - 0.7 kg. Light - LEDs, power supply - built-in battery.
Manufacturer - South Korea. Stylish design, white color, made of high-quality plastic, glass. Product width - 27 cm, height - 32.5 cm. Product weight, boxes - 2 kg. The magnification of one side is 7-fold. Brightness levels - 5, lighting modes - 3. Color rendering index (CRI) - 90. There is a USB port. Mains powered.
Country of origin - China. The body color is copper nickel. Product diameter - 17.5 cm, images - 13.5 cm. Rotation angle - 360⁰. Base - anti-slip coating. Magnification of the image by 5 times. Power LED backlight - 4 AAA batteries.
Producer – GEZANNE I.T.C. (France). Shape - round, color - chrome. LED backlight, powered by 4 AAA batteries. One side has 5x magnification. Product width - 13.4 cm.
Producer - Misty (Russia). Wall mirror cloth (width - 100 cm, height - 80 cm). Case material - white plastic. Built-in LED strip (power 12 W). Edge - facet 10 mm.
Aquaton (Russia). Style - hi-tech. Rectangular canvas - width 100 cm, height 70 cm. Additionally built-in magnifying mirror. Coating - a special film (protection against moisture, damage). Light (top, bottom) - LED strip 12 watts. Built-in electronic clock, touch switch.
1st Mirror Factory Continent (Russia). Suspended, rectangular shape (90 by 70 cm). There is a LED strip, power consumption 32 watts. Touch control:
When choosing a suitable illuminated mirror, important criteria must be taken into account - quality, additional functions, price, manufacturer (foreign, domestic). Knowing all the nuances, having familiarized yourself with the popular models of 2022, you can quickly choose a quality product.