The design of automobile tires is vital not only in terms of safety. The operating costs and efficiency of the vehicle as a whole depend on them, since 20% of the fuel is used to resist the friction force created by the rolling of the wheels.
If you want to learn how to choose the right products and drive in areas with extreme temperatures, but don't know what to put on your car, this review is for you. We will provide recommendations on what to look for in order not to make a mistake when choosing, we will orient you at the average price, new products and popular models.
Content
With slight differences from one manufacturer to another, the vast majority of products consist of the following materials:
In addition to the above, it is worth noting the presence of heavy metals (copper, cadmium and lead) present in the chemical composition of the product, which classifies it as hazardous.
Tires have a high calorific value: 32-34 MJ / kg (that is, 1 ton is equivalent to burning 0.7 tons of fuel oil). They are sometimes used as an alternative fuel for boilers and furnaces, with an autoignition temperature of around 400 ºC. Tires have a set of elements that provide them with traction:
1. The tread is located on the outside of the product and is in direct contact with the road surface. It is wear-resistant, has good traction characteristics, low heat generation. It consists of artificial rubber or is made from a mixture of SBR, Bruna S based on styrene and butadiene (large tires use natural rubber), carbon black, oil, vulcanizers, other chemicals, pigments used for coloring. Its pattern is asymmetrical, symmetrical, directional. It consists of a large number of edges and grooves important for grip. Let's denote the functionality of this element:
2. Stabilizing belts provide tire resistance, protect it from pitting. They are made of steel rubberized fabric, located above the carcass in the direction of rotation of the tire. The fabrics that make up the belt are crossed obliquely and glued to each other, forming triangles, which guarantees rigidity. These layers surround the top of the tire with important functions:
3. The radial layer (body), together with the stabilizing belt, maintains air pressure in the wheel, protecting it from shocks that occur during rolling. It is a flexible structure formed by threads (textile or steel) that forms straight arches wound around the bead ring of the tire. In addition, the body performs the following functions:
In the carcass of automobile tires, there are about 1400 threads, each of which can withstand a force of 15 kg.
4. The side wall is located between the disc and the tread. It is measured by the height of the section or profile of the tire.Its design is focused on resistance to permanent bending loads, environmental weather conditions, and also provides protection for the radial layer that remains inside.
5. Sealants (sealing elements) perform the same function as the inner tubes of the tires in which they are located, serving as a container for air, counteracting its pressure.
6. Gasket (filling) consists of rubber with special characteristics. Its purpose is to fill the gap between the outer part of the bead base (heel) and the lower elements of the sidewall so that a smooth transition from the hard end of the heel to the more flexible side part is provided. In addition, wrapping the body of the bead, the gasket provides reliability and gives the required angle of attachment of the rim.
7. Framing - rubber elements oriented in one direction, usually around the circumference. They are used as a beacon for the correct fit of the bead on the rim, preventing wheel deformation that occurs during braking or acceleration.
8. The board (heel) is a high-strength part of the product that prevents it from breaking. It forms an inextensible ring that can withstand up to 1800 kg. The main function of the bead is to hold the tire together with the rim. The shape or contour of the bead adapts to the edge of the wheel, which prevents it from slipping off the rim, ensuring tightness
The popularity of models depends on the quality of each element. It is important to correctly evaluate the profile width and other features in order to select the necessary tires based on these selection criteria.
There are two main types, which, in turn, contain many subcategories:
The obvious drawback of the radial type is the weakness of the sidewalls. Parking maneuvers near curbs may damage the product, leaving the tire inoperative. Our advice - never mount wheels of different classes (diagonal and radial) on the same vehicle.
To make the right choice, it is important to imagine a clear description of the characteristics of the product. It is customary to classify rubber according to the season for which it is intended, weather conditions:
Worth mentioning about tubeless tires. It is considered the best at the moment in many respects. One drawback is its high price. Another novelty is products with Runflat technology. They are also known as flat tires. They do not contain air inside, which makes any spikes or sharp objects safe for the wheels.
All rubber must contain clearly marked embossed inscriptions on both sides indicating its type.
In conclusion, it is necessary to mention 2 important parameters that are key in determining the quality characteristics of the product:
The best manufacturers produce balanced designs that are in demand among drivers.
Inexpensive tires are purchased at the nearest car dealership.Managers will tell you what tires are, provide advice on which company is better to buy a product, how much this or that model costs and pick up wheels even for Niva and Gazelle. You can also order the tires you like online in the online store.
Our top list, including product photos, is based on real reviews. It takes into account the opinion of buyers who purchased the product and are familiar with its characteristics.
On the 3rd place "Kama-217". By purchasing this model, you get decent quality at a low price. Rubber was created for Russian and foreign cars of a budget level. The product has a universal pattern that allows you to feel confident in bad weather. Rubber retains its softness in the event of a sudden drop in temperature.
The design includes central and lateral longitudinal grooves that prevent dirt from sticking, and therefore the braking distance is noticeably reduced, the grip parameters are improved and excellent adhesion is provided both with dry and wet asphalt.
Using "Kama-217" you can accelerate to 210 km / h, which will be appreciated by fans of high-speed driving. The load capacity of the model is 475 kg. Buying "Kama-217" is much more profitable than foreign counterparts.
Technical indicators:
Options | Characteristics |
---|---|
seasonality | All season |
Width, mm | 175 |
Height, cm | 70 |
spikes | - |
Purpose | For passenger car |
Diameter | 13" |
Speed index | H (up to 210 km/h) |
Load index | 82 (475 kg) |
RunFlat Technology | - |
Manufacturer code | 1120003 |
Silver at the "all-weather" Kormoran All Season.Its performance indicators correspond to the climatic conditions of Western and Central European countries. The tire is characterized by excellent performance on wet and snowy roads.
The active part of the tread is made according to the technology that received the original name Fishbone (due to the location of the drainage grooves in the form of a fish skeleton). This design reduces the effect of aquaplaning, slashplanning and guarantees excellent traction on slippery surfaces. Closed shoulder parts and narrow transverse blocks are connected by solid bridges, which increase stability during sharp turns and reduce noise.
Technical indicators:
Options | Characteristics |
---|---|
seasonality | all season |
Width, mm | 195 |
Height, cm | 60 |
spikes | + |
Purpose | For passenger car |
Diameter | 15" |
Speed index | V (up to 240 km/h) |
Load index | 92 (630 kg) |
RunFlat Technology | - |
Picture | Symmetric |
Directional tires | + |
Hankook RA33 Dynapro HP2 wins in the all-season car tire category. The ingenious pattern reduces noise levels, while effective water deflectors reduce hydroplaning. The rubber configuration helps evenly distribute the pressure of the treads on the surface, ensuring the durability of the product.
The designers have achieved improved handling of the car, sensitive response to the steering wheel and sharper braking. Hankook Dynapro is a high performance model recommended for mild winters in southern Russia.
Technical indicators:
Options | Characteristics |
---|---|
seasonality | All season |
Width, mm | 225 |
Height, cm | 65 |
spikes | - |
Purpose | For SUV, for passenger car |
Diameter | 17" |
Speed index | H (up to 210 km/h) |
Load index | 102 (850 kg) |
RunFlat Technology | - |
Flaws:
In 4th place are products from Goodyear, made specifically for SUVs. The tire can carry heavy loads and saves fuel. Special tread compound increases durability by preventing uneven wear.
Goodyear Vectors are year-round, high traction and feature herringbone pattern treads and are safe for fast driving and sharp maneuvers.
Rubber feels confident at low temperatures, which makes its installation on a car in the autumn-winter period natural. The directional pattern wicks away water efficiently for excellent traction in wet or snowy conditions.
The excellent performance of the Goodyear Vector 4 Seasons SUV GEN 2 guarantees your family a safe and comfortable ride all year round. It should be noted that tires are not suitable for severe frosts, therefore they can only be used in the southern regions of the Russian Federation.
Technical indicators:
Options | Characteristics |
---|---|
seasonality | All season |
Width, mm | 215, 225, 235 |
Height, mm | 45 |
spikes | - |
Purpose | For passenger car |
RunFlat Technology | - |
Pattern Type | symmetrical, directional |
Chamber | - |
Toyo Open Country H / T - all-weather, which is manufactured in forty sizes (from 15 to 22 inches). They easily cope with off-road, snow and inclement weather, demonstrating good traction and grip performance, which is possible due to the non-directional pattern. Toyo Open Country H/T deservedly take 3rd place in our list.
The advantage of the model is the balance of its parameters. The performance is stable throughout the entire period of use of the Toyo Open Country H/T. The treads located in the center are quadrangular blocks forming an S-shaped pattern. This design increases adhesion, guarantees noise reduction and improves traction on slippery surfaces.
Wave grooves reduce vibration and eliminate hydroplaning. A high-tech drainage system removes water, as well as snow and mud, allowing you to maintain controllability of the car. Toyo Open Country H/T provide confidence and safety on the road.
Technical indicators:
Options | Characteristics |
---|---|
seasonality | All season |
Width, mm | 225, 235, 275 |
Diameter, inch | 17 |
spikes | - |
Purpose | For SUV |
Type of winter tires | for mild winter |
RunFlat Technology | No |
Silver at the Pirelli Scorpion Verde, providing reliable grip, comfort and safety on the road. Due to its quality indicators, this model has gained popularity among drivers.An important advantage of the Pirelli Scorpion Verde is environmental friendliness, achieved through a thoughtful choice of materials. They do not emit harmful substances during use and disposal.
The original pattern is the key to maintaining the integrity of the structure and wear resistance even with a serious load on the tire while driving. As a result, you do not have to worry about changing tires frequently. With Pirelli Scorpion Verde you can feel confident on difficult road sections.
This model is designed to provide a comfortable and quiet ride. Loud sounds will not distract you from driving, keeping you safe.
Due to the environmental friendliness of materials, 265/50 R19 Pirelli Scorpion Verde All Season 110V XL (NO) can rightly be called "green". The whole point lies in the features of the material, which does not emit harmful substances during operation and during disposal.
Technical indicators:
Options | Characteristics |
---|---|
seasonality | All season |
Width, mm | 235, 245, 255, 265, 275, 295, 315 |
Height, cm | 65 |
Diameter, inch | 18, 19, 20, 21 |
spikes | - |
Purpose | For SUV |
RunFlat Technology | - |
Tread pattern type | Asymmetrical, directional |
Chamber | - |
The winner is the all-season Cooper Discoverer S/T, designed for 4×4 machines suitable for operation on dry highways or soft ground. The increased distance between the tread blocks and side lugs guarantees excellent flotation on difficult road sections.
Soft rubber, laminating and alternating tread sizes significantly reduce noise levels, as well as improve adhesion on wet and slippery surfaces. The material from which all seasons are made has increased wear resistance.
The design includes holes for spikes, which indicates the possibility of its use in winter. Rubber continues to be elastic at low temperatures. By purchasing the Cooper Discoverer S/T you can be sure that this model is able to guarantee stability, comfort and excellent traction. Speed index S - 180 km / h, for SUVs N - up to 140 km / h.
Technical indicators:
Options | Characteristics |
---|---|
seasonality | All season |
spikes | - |
Purpose | For SUV |
RunFlat Technology | - |
3rd place at General Tire Grabber AT3. This model is designed for all-weather use by off-road vehicles (CUV, SUV, vans, light pickups) and is able to overcome impassability. The special pattern guarantees reliable grip, durability and comfort during sharp maneuvers of the car.
The high-tech tread (Trac Gen) with 5 rows of blocks provides excellent traction. Mud doesn't stick to Trac Gen's oversized profile for excellent flotation. An important advantage of the product is the acoustic comfort achieved due to the arrangement of the blocks.
Technical indicators:
Options | Characteristics |
---|---|
seasonality | All season |
Width, mm | 255 |
Diameter, inch | 19 |
spikes | - |
Purpose | For SUV |
RunFlat Technology | - |
Pattern Type | Asymmetrical, directional |
Chamber | - |
Silver for the BF Goodrich Urban Terrain T/A, designed for use on crossovers and SUVs. Mainly used in city streets.
Thanks to the improved carcass, the rubber feels confident, overcoming potholes.
The tread depth and its asymmetric pattern provide tire wear resistance, while the longitudinal grooves and transverse sipes effectively neutralize water flow, reducing hydroplaning.
The novelty has 18 standard sizes and is suitable for car equipment:
Technical indicators:
Options | Characteristics |
---|---|
seasonality | All season |
Width, mm | 205 |
Height, cm | 70 |
spikes | - |
Purpose | For SUV, for passenger car |
Diameter | 15" |
Speed index | H (up to 210 km/h) |
Load index | 96 (710 kg) |
RunFlat Technology | - |
Manufacturer code | 517558 |
Gold for the Pirelli Scorpion Verde All Season SUV, made by a popular Italian company. Tires are designed for off-road vehicles and crossovers.
The model is crammed with innovations from Pirelli.The tire is an environmentally friendly product of Green Performance, made from modern materials, while providing a decent level of comfort and safety.
The pattern is asymmetric, consists of 3 blocks and 2 shoulder sections. Functional zones are marked by 4 longitudinal drainage grooves, 2 of which are located in the middle, they are wider than the other pair located at the edges. Protectors significantly improve the acceleration and braking of the car. The novelty can be used not only off-road, but also on the highway. The shoulder sections of the tire have a curved profile. This design improves wear resistance, surface adhesion and cornering control.
Technical indicators:
Options | Characteristics |
---|---|
seasonality | All season |
Width, mm | 235, 245, 255, 265, 275, 295, 315 |
Height, cm | 65 |
Diameter, inch | 18, 19, 20, 21 |
spikes | - |
Purpose | For SUV |
RunFlat Technology | - |
Tread pattern type | Directional, asymmetrical |
Chamber | - |
In conclusion, it is important to say that the right choice of tires ensures the safety of your family and those around you. The purchase of the necessary product should be taken very carefully, weighing all the pros and cons.