To date, there are enough variations of interior doors, however, a special place in this series is occupied by case doors. They have several significant advantages over classic designs - they are aesthetic, small-sized and compact, which allows you to significantly save living space, and this circumstance can be important for small living spaces. The case for a sliding door is a special box of a special design, which is equipped with a personal mechanism for moving the leaf of the door leaf. Installation is carried out in one of the walls in the entrance opening. From above, it can be finished with some kind of decorating material (for example, a drywall sheet or wall panels).In this design, the sash of the door unit almost completely enters the case in the "open" position. Self-assembly of the door-pencil case is a rather laborious task and will require both special skills and the use of special materials and equipment. Installation must be carried out on the basis of an erected frame or in a strictly suitable wall. In order to adequately assess the best place to install this product, you should properly prepare for the procedure by carefully studying the structure of the sliding cassette system. Unlike analogues of compartment models, the canvas will move to a specially designated niche equipped in the wall.
Design features of doors-cases
The considered type of interior systems consists of the following elements:
- Canvas, in an amount from one to four, which are made of solid wood or chipboard / MDF materials, or glass or plastic;
- Hardware mechanisms responsible for the proper rollback of the door into the case;
- A guide mounted at the top of the opening (there are also aluminum or steel tracks that are centered in the forward direction for proper movement);
- Carriage rollers, which are selected according to the number of canvases, which can be from two to four (a special requirement for them is increased wear resistance qualities);
- Stoppers mounted along the guide borders;
- Flag, integrated into the lower part, limiting the movement of the sash;
- Handles recessed into the canvas with hook-type locks;
- Directly pencil case or cassette, ie. a niche into which the door leaf hidden inside enters. Such a module is made of steel with an aluminum or zinc coating, and is lined on the outside.
The order of installation of cassette systems, by and large, will depend on the design features. Such products are supplied together with a special set containing all the necessary fittings. In cases where such a kit is not available, then, in principle, it is possible to make the necessary elements yourself. However, rollers are still preferable to purchase factory-made ones. The pencil case itself is designed, as it were, to continue the wall and is used to position the door leaf in the open position. The direct installation procedure may be different, which will depend on which wall the integration is made into. Such a load-bearing wall cannot be, because it cannot be destroyed.Accordingly, in this case, for installation, a frame (wooden or metal) is first mounted along the wall, which is sheathed with plasterboard. However, with this option, the useful area of \u200b\u200bspace will decrease in proportion to the thickness of the mounted frame. For a partition wall, the requirements are much softer. It can be destroyed in order to later build a false wall or a new partition with a pencil case built inside. As a result, some useful living space will be saved.
Structural types and materials of elements of cassette doors
Penal door is always completed with a ready-made cassette (pencil case), but can also be sold separately. Even if, in order to save money, the door was purchased without a pencil case, then you can make it yourself. For a sliding structure, the installation of a cassette is possible only if the obligatory condition is met: the door leaf must be half the size of the opening itself. Only in this case, it will be able to hide inside the pen case or cassette. The design itself is made in the form of a guide rail made of wood or metal, which is equipped with rollers. It is on the rail that the canvas is mounted, and the movement is carried out according to the guide. Various variations of the cassette will depend on the design of the door, and they can be made of drywall, wood or plywood.
In order to competently disguise a door that goes into a niche, it is necessary to carry out work on its finishing with the following materials that can hide it completely:
- Plywood;
- Plaster;
- Drywall.
The final finish should completely hide the pencil case - it can be done with wallpaper or ceramic tiles, which will depend on the overall interior style that prevails in the room.
The guide, which is an important element of the mechanism along which the sash moves, can be mounted in different ways:
- Through the top - the most common option used in the case of a light door leaf;
- Combined method - used for massive door panels.
IMPORTANT! Fastening the guide profile only along the lower part is undesirable, because the effect of smoothness when opening will be lost!
Door types
They are of two types:
- One sash - a similar system is used for small openings, the width of which is not more than one meter. A single-leaf pencil door is fixed on the ceiling or wall, and with this option there is no need to mount the door frame.
- Two sashes - are installed in wider openings, where their width exceeds one meter. Such a constructive solution is typical for a double cassette, i.e. for each sash will be installed a separate case of its own. The connection between the canvases is carried out by means of a guide.
Niche types
Depending on the characteristics of the wall where the door will enter, the design of the niche for the door itself may be different. Here you need to pay attention to an essential condition, namely: in which wall will the niche be mounted - in the carrier or in the partition? Accordingly, niches can be:
- In the bearing wall - the frame of the building is held on such walls, therefore it is forbidden to destroy it, because the violation of this structure can lead to the collapse of the building. In this case, you will need to complete the wall by simply adding a niche to it, a frame made of wood or metal. After that, such a niche is covered / masked with drywall (or other material, such as paint or wallpaper).
- In a partition wall - such walls are not load-bearing and can be dismantled to secure the cassette. Simply put, it must be destroyed, and in its place a new partition should be mounted already with a built-in niche, in exact accordance with the dimensions of the canvas. Such a construction is called a false wall, in which a cassette for a single-leaf / double-leaf sliding door addition is enclosed. This technique allows you to save the old thickness of the wall-partition, which has a positive effect on the occupation of the maximum amount of usable space in the room.
Types of sliding mechanisms
According to their action, they are divided into:
- Closed type - it is mounted inside the false wall during the procedure for its construction, where the cassette for the sliding system is installed. The structure of this mechanism has a certain size, which makes the wall a little wider, however, the usable space obtained by placing the door leaf in the cassette sufficiently compensates for this disadvantage. For load-bearing walls, this mechanism is installed in an extension case, and then sheathed with plasterboard.
- Open type - together with the guide, the external mechanism is mounted outside along the wall and the door leaf moves along it.
The principle of the device and the operation of the door-pencil case
The main elements of such door structures are the cassette door itself and the pencil case, in the form of a metal grill, where it is removed. The pencil case is mounted in the wall (preferably at the stage of its construction). To reinforce the cassette part, spars are fixed at an equidistant distance from each other. In the doorway, in its upper part, there is a special removable rail made of a durable and rust-resistant alloy.Needle bearings are mounted on the door leaf. Together with the rail, they constitute a movable opening mechanism that can operate silently and smoothly. Mortgage elements fix the door itself in the opening. By means of the optional synchronizer it is possible to open both leaves at the same time. Also in the set there may be a special socket for arranging an electrical outlet or switch. Opening occurs in the process of smooth movement of the door leaf along the rail into the case, which is built into the partition (or over the load-bearing wall). If the model has two canvases, then they are moved apart into canisters located on both sides.
Advantages and disadvantages of cabinet doors
Classic sliding models can effectively fit into almost any interior, but they do not use living space economically. Pencil cases, on the contrary, try to save as much living space as possible and competently separate one room from another in the apartment. Their undeniable advantages include:
- Reduced injury risk - due to the design features of the penal doors, it is difficult to hit them and get injured;
- Extended service life (subject to the use of high-quality mechanisms and proper installation);
- Comfort in maintenance and operation - they do not close from drafts, guide rails can be easily dismantled, almost any element of the cassette system can be easily adjusted;
- Automation of opening / closing processes - for this it is enough to install a door closer or mount an automatic control system;
- Installation does not require the arrangement of thresholds.
However, like any system, penal systems have some "cons":
- Poor heat and sound insulation in general constructive terms;
- Installation work on the installation of such systems cannot be performed without special tools, knowledge and experience - it is better to entrust the entire installation process to professionals;
- Unlike standard door systems, which can be significantly saved on self-assembly, the installation of cassette doors will be expensive;
- Dust often accumulates in the pencil case, which is quite difficult to remove;
- Guide rollers are subject to premature wear and require frequent replacement.
Automated and mechanical operation
Doors-cases provide two ways of their own opening - it is mechanical and automatic. Both of them refer to door panels, the weight of which does not reach one hundred kilograms:
- Connection to automation - the opening mechanism is triggered when a person or group of people approaches the doorway. This method of opening requires a constant connection to the electrical network, but battery operation is also possible. It should be noted that this method provides for a rather serious load. Such automatic sliding doors are most often found in supermarkets and large shopping centers. This automated mechanism works almost silently, and it will not be difficult to choose the right model for the price and finish;
- Mechanical opening - this method is used for rooms in which a high intensity of human flow is not expected. The opening of the valves occurs manually with the muscular effort of a person. Such designs are found in small offices and residential premises.
IMPORTANT! Automated systems can work successfully and for a long time only if the wall that is used as a pencil case is perfectly flat.If this condition is not met, and the wall surface has cracks, bulges or other irregularities, then the door can be easily damaged. Therefore, you need to mount the pencil case only on flat surfaces.
Pre-installation preparation
While the principle of functioning of the door-cases has been thoroughly disassembled, and the principle of their operation is clear and understandable, it is necessary to dwell on several important nuances before starting their installation:
- Firstly, any calculations for arranging the canister are made from the finished floor level, which must be taken into account during the repair process. Before installation, it is necessary to think over and choose the type of flooring, the presence of a substrate and screed;
- Secondly, the key to the durability of the service and the quality of the work of the canister doors will largely depend on the even surface of the floor covering;
- Thirdly, it is preferable to install the canister into a partition wall (although layering on a load-bearing wall is also allowed).
Direct Installation - General Tips
First you need to stock up without fail with the following tools:
- Gypsum craton (for subsequent frame sheathing);
- Metal profile (for mounting the frame, preferably 50x50 millimeters);
- fasteners;
- building level;
- Pencil and screwdriver.
Preparation stage
First you need to perform all the required measurements. First of all, measure the width. The door leaf should go into the pencil case at least half, however, it is preferable - entirely. If the entrance is carried out completely, then a special handle is attached to the end, allowing you to remove the door from the groove. The longer the frame, the wider the interior door can be.It is worth noting that the length of the guide rail responsible for the movement is taken as double the size of the door leaf itself.
The stage of installing the frame for the pencil case
For the full operation of the entire sliding system, its assembly must be carried out as correctly as possible. The walls to which the cassette will be attached must be strictly vertical. The profile must be fixed at three points - on the ceiling, in the wall and on the floor. If the pencil case will be placed inside the partition, then a two-frame system should be performed. The first frame will be used to equip the partition itself, and the second frame for the room door, and both of these elements must be independent.
Between the profiles, it is required to install wooden bars, which will provide the necessary rigidity and strength of the installed structure in general, and will also reduce the likelihood of characteristic noise and vibrations when the canvas moves along the rails. At the same time, it is advisable to put rubber pads in the places where the canister frame is attached to the ceiling and floor. Sound and heat insulation procedures are carried out at the request of the homeowner. When choosing and installing rollers, you should pay attention to their diameter and - it is on it that the overall smoothness and noiselessness of the entire system will depend. They should also be chosen correctly, based on the ability to withstand the weight of the door leaf itself.
Stage of installation of the door leaf
Before sewing the cassette and after installing the frame, the canvas must be mounted in the place planned for it. The guide rails will not allow vertical deviations, while eliminating possible bends during use. With the help of fasteners, the canister mechanism is securely fixed.When selecting a mechanism, the door mass and the conditions of its operation are necessarily taken into account - if an intensive passage of people is expected through the room, then it is worth preparing for a systematic repair of the entire structure. The order of installation of the mechanism will directly depend on the design features of the canister itself. For example, in residential areas, rails are usually attached to the ceiling, because this type of attachment prevents excessive accumulation of dust and dirt.
Final assembly step
After the door is fixed on the guide, and the mechanism itself falls into place, only then is the entire cassette sewn up. Traditionally, drywall is used for these purposes, although it is possible to use other finishing materials. At the end of the collection of the pencil case, wall decoration, installation of platbands and other finishing procedures for the doorway are carried out. At the end, the performance of the entire structure must be checked. With proper assembly, the door will last a long time and without any major repairs and permanent additional adjustments.
Rating of the best sliding door cases for 2022
Lower price segment
2nd place: "GUSTAVSON-100"
This pencil case is designed for a double wall and is made of high-strength metal. It is sufficiently adapted for installation in standard conditions of an ordinary Russian apartment, although it has rather wide dimensions - the possible width of the installed doors is from 62.5 centimeters to 1 meter and 44 centimeters. The kit includes profiles for assembly, guides on the top and bottom, as well as stoppers and fasteners. Recommended for walls 100 mm thick. The birthplace of the brand is Poland.The recommended retail price is 4500 rubles.
GUSTAVSON-100
Advantages:
- Budget option with sufficient quality;
- Door width may vary;
- The strength of the entire structure.
Flaws:
1st place: "Sliding Systems Company SSC-040"
A good quality element for a sliding structure, made of durable wood. The box is characterized by properties of increased rigidity. Mounting is recommended for finished floors only. After masking with finishing materials, the pencil case will acquire an inconspicuous and aesthetically attractive appearance. The box is intended for walls with a thickness of 125 millimeters, the width of the built-in sash varies from 60 centimeters to a meter. Able to withstand a sash weighing up to 120 kilograms. The birthplace of the brand is Russia. The recommended retail price is 8000 rubles.
Sliding Systems Company SSC-040
Advantages:
- Increased structural rigidity;
- Designed for thick walls;
- Actual cost
Flaws:
Middle price segment
2nd place: "Sliding Systems Company SSC-045-60"
This telescopic case is designed for two doors 60 cm wide each. A design capable of hiding two doors at once in one niche, and movement is carried out along two guides. The movement procedure involves the capture of one leaf by another, thereby opening / closing the opening through a cascade move. Finishing materials are supplied in the kit - corrugated cardboard, frame material - FSF 15-30 mm. The system is designed for sashes weighing up to 120 kilograms. Country of origin - Russia. The recommended retail price is 16,900 rubles.
Sliding Systems Company SSC-045-60
Advantages:
- May be suitable for massive doors;
- Telescopic way to close the opening;
- Adequate price;
- Good equipment.
Flaws:
1st place: GUSTAVSON STARK
Another high-quality sample from Polish manufacturers. The frame of this pencil case is characterized by high strength and rigidity, tk. made from quality materials. Moreover, the base material can be chosen - either metal or plastic. The system can be integrated onto an already assembled structure as a repair element. Allows you to maximize the use of living space. The set includes profiles for frame assembly, bottom/top guides, rollers, fasteners and stoppers. Maintenance of built-in mechanisms is available without dismantling the entire structure. Recommended for walls ten centimeters thick. Country of origin - Poland. The set price for retail chains is 17,400 rubles.
GUSTAVSON STARK
Advantages:
- Variability of the basic design;
- Possibility of use as a replaceable element;
- Good equipment.
Flaws:
Premium class
2nd place: "Telescopica-180"
This pencil case is intended for double door leaves, which will have a one-sided offset for opening. The pencil case significantly saves living space, while not disturbing the bright atmosphere and spaciousness in the room. Very easy to decorate. High-strength materials are used in the design, which will allow the cassette to serve for a long time without permanent repairs. The model is designed for design use, therefore it is suitable for walls of non-standard thickness - up to 180 millimeters. Has the ability to support massive sashes.The country of origin is Italy. The established cost for retail chains is 47,000 rubles.
Telescopica-180
Advantages:
- Great for aesthetic disguise;
- Reliable manufacturing material;
- Designed for thick walls;
- Possibility of operating with massive doors.
Flaws:
1st place: "Syntesis Luce Double"
This version of the pencil case combines a high level of practicality and aesthetics, allowing the wall to simply merge with the doorway. Directly intended for the installation of automated systems for opening/closing sashes. For the double leaf version, up to 20 control boxes can be installed, five on each side. Masking and finishing should only be done by plastering or overlaying drywall (wallpapering and painting will not work). Recommended for walls with a thickness of 150 millimeters. Country of origin - Italy. The recommended retail price is 54,000 rubles.
Syntesis Luce Double
Advantages:
- The model supports automatic operation;
- Designed for thick walls;
- Can operate with multiple doors.
Flaws:
Instead of an epilogue
Summing up, it can be noted that the mechanism of sliding cassette doors will be relevant for almost any room for a long time, and as an interior opening device, it is simply irreplaceable (with a special need to save space). The cost of such a system, in most cases, will depend on the materials of manufacture and the complexity of its installation, but in the end, these costs will be able to pay off with interest, providing its owner with the proper level of comfort.
At the same time, in the domestic market of such systems, there is a certain heterogeneity of development trends, namely: the middle price segment is poorly represented. Finding cheap pencil cases is not so difficult, but their quality leaves much to be desired. According to the analysis, the premium class is best represented on the market, which is not surprising, because the case doors are still considered in our country as elements of an exclusive decor, rather than practical devices.