Rating of the best optical cables for 2022

An optical cable (other names: fiber optic cable, fiber optic cable, optical fiber - “OB”) is a wire capable of transmitting information signals in the optical wave range through light guides. At present, such a method of transmission (with some modifications) is the leader in the organization of communication fields. At the same time, based on fiber-optic connections, switching occurs between most modern home multimedia devices.

General information and properties

The wires under consideration, according to the type of their placement and functionality, can be divided into:

• Subscriber;
• Intra-object;
• For laying in cable ducts;
• For laying at a depth in the ground;
• Suspended (self-supporting, having a remote element).

These network consumables can also be classified according to the features of the shell structure, the type of fiber used, the general design of the modules and the tensile force. However, most often there are special variations that have special technical characteristics that can be used in specific conditions, for example, for unprotected laying directly underground or with a special dispersion-shifted dielectric sheath.

Their main properties include:

• Long service life - under normal conditions, they will last at least 25 years.
• Operational safety - information on them passes through a light beam, and there is no electric potential in the cable cores (does not apply to hybrid fiber), and this is what allows the use of such consumables in fire / explosive industries where there is a risk of sparking / ignition of the wiring.
• Protection against EMI noise and interference - optical fiber can provide an increased degree of electromagnetic protection, and magnetic and electric fields have little effect on the transmitted information.
• Protection against unauthorized access - the type of lines in question do not emit a signal to the external environment, which means that it cannot be intercepted without violating the integrity of the wire. And when the wire shell is destroyed, the user is immediately notified, because such conditions are controlled by the central control system. From this it is clear that the deliberate and tacit interception of information going through such cables is extremely difficult.
• Increased throughput - it is up to 10 Gigabit / s (maybe more).
• Increased data transmission distance - from 550 meters to 40 kilometers (with appropriate repeaters).
• Dimensions - if we compare with an all-copper cable, then the OB consumable has a smaller mass and length with a similar level of signal transmission.
• Price - the use of OV will allow to qualitatively reduce financial costs in the medium term, due to the lower cost of maintenance and the use of a small amount of accompanying equipment in the network.

Application of OB cables

The considered fiber optic consumables are widely used to create computer networks, and are also used in the field of telecommunications, medical and industrial sectors. These wires perform well on communication lines, which is a consequence of their high protective level, which means the impossibility of covert access (only physical penetration through damage to the cable structure, which will not go unnoticed). Their operation is possible in difficult conditions, such as extremely high or extremely low temperatures, and electromagnetic interference does not significantly affect signal transmission. The fiber optic design has proven to be an excellent solution for temperature control, voltage monitoring, chemistry tracking, and more. It is widely used in hydrophones that measure sound/ultrasound in geolocation devices for seismic measurements.

Also, RH can be found in the oil industry, where it is required to constantly measure the temperature / pressure in wells, where the required data can reach extreme values.

Domestic use of fiber optics (except for multimedia) has also reached the creative sphere: with such wires it is possible to arrange light decoration in a store, to provide additional lighting for small objects, to provide illumination for outdoor advertising. Even with this design, each color signal can be accompanied by a sound design.

Fiber optic cable device

 The whole structure includes one or more optical fibers and a mechanism for protecting the center from damage (moisture, temperature extremes, mechanical stress). The number of light guides can reach 288, but the most popular variations are samples with 32, 48 and 64 fibers. The rest of the structure is:

• A cable responsible for imparting rigidity and overall structural strength, made of plastic or metal, with a polyethylene coating;
• Light guides, i.e. fibers made of plastic/glass, having different colors or made transparent, in order to comply with the marking;
• Tubes intended for laying light guides in them, the number of which can traditionally be from 4 to 12 (if a smaller number is required, then the voids are occupied by non-functional black fibers, which is necessary to maintain shape);
• Sheath, with a hydrophobic coating, where tubes (one or more) are installed;
• Sheath made of polyethylene, designed to protect against moisture (an additional level of protection that is not often used);
• Armored shell (Kevlar), consisting of iron / steel fibers (less often fiberglass);
• External protective shell designed to provide protection against mechanical stress.

An OB cable of any type should be used only in strict accordance with its intended purpose for performing certain tasks, on which its technical characteristics will depend. For the most benign operating conditions, samples are suitable in which the light guides are laid in ordinary plastic tubes and protected by a common sheath.

The option of underwater laying can be attributed to the most difficult operating conditions - there, in the design, the number of armoring, protecting and sealing shells simply rolls over.

In any case, the technologies and materials used in optical fiber make it possible to transmit signals with high quality and over fairly long distances without the use of many repeaters at a sufficient speed of up to 10 Gigabit/s. You can almost always be sure that the signal will pass accurately and without distortion (in extreme cases - with very little loss), even when laying the wire through the centers of electromagnetic pollution and in adverse weather conditions.

OB wires - singlemode and multimode

The main light-transmitting part of the fiber is the light guide, which consists of a damper (does not allow the signal to leave the limits of the transmitting core) and a core (aka core or core). The damper and light guide are made of the same material, although the core will always have higher refractive properties in order to ensure full reflection of the transmitted pulse inside the structure. Cable designs can be singlemode or multimode. In the former, the core has a diameter of 9 micrometers, in the latter - 62.5 micrometers. The damper always has a decent diameter equal to 125 micrometers.

Single-mode samples are divided into two classes - OS1 and OS2. The first is designed to work with wavelengths of 1310 and 1510 nanometers, and the second works with wavelengths of 1280 and 1625 nanometers, which are intended for broadband transmission with division into channels.It is the OS2 class that is able to provide the highest possible information transfer rate for single-mode cables, which can exceed 10 Gigabit / s, while simultaneously having wide bandwidth with low signal attenuation.

Multimode variations have much more classes. The simplest are OM1 (nuclear diameter 62.5 micrometers) and OM2 (nuclear diameter 50 micrometers). The newer ones include the OM3 and OM4 classes, capable of delivering 20 Gigabits / s. Moreover, the first can be equipped with a special laser acting on the VCSEL resonator, and for the second, two different types of lasers can be used to enhance communication - FP and DFB. Multimode fiber makes it possible to simultaneously propagate a wave in several directions at once, which is both an advantage and a disadvantage. The advantage is greater endpoint coverage, while the disadvantage is increased signal attenuation and dispersion.

Making a choice between multimode and singlemode samples is based on economic feasibility and the distance that needs to be covered by the network. A single-mode OB cable will do just fine with providing speeds within 10 Gigabit / s at a distance of 550 to 1100 meters. a multimode sample simply will not reach its full potential. To achieve higher performance, both in terms of speed and distance, a multimode cable will be the best solution.

Types and types of connectors for fiber optics

The connector is a connector through which the OB cable is connected to the desired device. Single fiber options use standard 1.25mm or 2.5mm connectors. The former are labeled as E2000, Mu, Lc, and the latter as Sc, ST or FC.It is also possible to use non-traditional connectors.

For wires with a large number of fibers, duplex connectors (two fibers - Din, BIONIC or SMA) or ribbon connectors (for four or more fibers - MTP / MP) can be used. Each of these connectors has its own advantages and disadvantages. The most common samples can be given the following characteristics:

• Lc - extremely popular for connecting computer devices, has a convenient plastic design, which improves the process of use, however, it is not durable and will require careful manipulation;
• FC - has a rounded section, which is typical for connecting measuring devices, the case is made of metal, which indicates reliability and durability, but has a complicated design (problems with self-repair);
• ST - used in multimode wires, has a metal case, but shows average performance;
• Sc is a classic connector for SCS and telecommunications fields, with an increased transmission level, characterized by a high-quality connection. Convenient when turned on, but not durable (weakly resistant to vibrations).

TOSLINK (and mini-TOSLINK) interfaces are considered the most popular home fiber connectors in today's market. Using this interface, it is extremely convenient to connect household appliances (home theater, stereo system), bring (in some cases) an Internet connection and form computer networks, connect game consoles of the latest generation.

Connectivity Issues

Connecting an optical cable is not particularly difficult: just the connector located at one end of the cord is inserted into the corresponding socket of the equipment until it stops - and a reliable connection is established. However, when laying the wire, it must be taken into account that it is not permissible to bend it at sharp angles or at rounded corners of a small radius. With such an arrangement, it is very easy to damage the core-core, made of a rather fragile material.

In addition, care must be taken to ensure that the cable is not subjected to excessive vibrations. A common mistake is placing a coil of wire right next to speakers that are constantly being used at full capacity. Even when connected via a TOSLINK plug, the vibration dampening will not be reduced at all, and a broken fiber cannot be reconnected using conventional soldering. Repair, of course, is possible in theory, but it is not economically feasible - it is easier to buy and connect a new wire. Also, it is worth remembering that the sockets for connecting the OB most often have protective screens - they look like mechanical plugs. Accordingly, before connecting, they need to be opened / pushed away, and not trying to force the plug into a protected socket.

Optical-fibre cable (fiber), HDMI or RCA - differences and advantages

With the help of these cables, the multimedia component in home appliances is most often provided. All of these cables are capable of transmitting fairly high-quality digital audio and video. However, the fully coaxial RCA standard among those presented will be the most inefficient, because it frankly brightly and hypersensitively reacts to any electromagnetic excitations, which affects the sound quality, while reducing bandwidth.For this standard, it is undesirable to broadcast sound in systems:

• Dolby True HD;
• DTS - HD Master Audio;
• Dolby Atmos;
• DTS-X.

The HDMI cable format does not have such disadvantages, but it can only transmit high-quality information at a distance of up to two meters - then the signal passes with noticeable losses.

As a result, Optical-fibre cable is the ideal solution for communication in a multimedia center of any size - from a home theater to a medium-sized audiovisual entertainment field.

Difficulties of choice

OV consumables should be selected strictly depending on the conditions under which they will be laid and for what tasks they are going to be used. To do this, you need to know their category and type. If we talk about the place and conditions of laying, then the optical fiber can be divided into:

• for air (suspended) laying;
• for indoor installation;
• for laying in the ground to a depth;
• for installation in specialized cable sewer channels;
• universal models.

It is always worth remembering that the creation of even one closed communication field may involve the use of different types of optical fiber. At the same time, it must correspond to the type of connected equipment. Also, in order to streamline the placement of lines inside the premises, it is preferable to use a communication cabinet.

Among other things, when buying, you need to pay attention to the type of OB-wire buffer, which can be tight or loose. A free buffer assumes only basic security in the form of such coverage. Dense protection, on the other hand, involves the placement of cores in a rigid plastic case, which is filled with a special gel with hydrophobic properties. Several fibers can be present simultaneously in the module itself.Such a design will help to successfully avoid problems during installation in the form of inadvertent formation of numerous bends or stretch marks. Also, dense protection will qualitatively prevent moisture from getting inside the structure, which means the possibility of outdoor use.

Rating of the best optical cables for 2022

For transmitting audio and video to home equipment

4th place: "Mobiledata, TosLink-TosLink, 1.0m"

The sample is intended for digital audio signal transmission. Used to output sound from a satellite receiver or other device (CD or DVD player) to a TV, projector or other device capable of playing multi-channel audio. External winding - PVC, gold-plated connectors, type of signal transmission - digital. The recommended cost for retail chains is 175 rubles.

• Convenience;
• Good braid quality;
• Strong setting in the nest.

• Short, 1 meter.

3rd place: "Telecom, 2 meters, black (TOC2023-2M)"

This optical sample of the S/PDIF ODT format with Toslink-Toslink plugs is used in sound cards, MD and DAT players, music or cinema systems that use digital audio and video signal formats to connect devices via the S/PDIF (SPDIF) interface. The conductor material is optical fiber. The recommended cost for retail chains is 257 rubles.

• Multifunctionality;
• quality transmission;
• Small thickness.

• Not detected.

2nd place: "Premier-AV digital optical, length 1.5 m, OD 5.0 ​​mm"

The wire is designed to transmit a multi-channel digital signal in the format of the optical version of the S / PDIF interface between various components of audio equipment. Toslink optical audio cable is the best way to transmit lossless sound. The model is suitable for connecting CD, DVD, MD. In addition, devices that support S / PDIF, AES / EBU or Dolby Digital interfaces are compatible with it. A special dense shell protects it from all external influences, which significantly extends its service life. The length of the audio cable is 1.5 meters, which allows you to place devices at a convenient distance. Very easy to use: just connect it to two devices to work. The recommended cost for retail chains is 369 rubles.

• The design uses multimode polymer fiber;
• Designed to transmit digital signals of multi-channel audio between audiovisual devices;
• Length - 1.5 m.

• Not detected.

1st place: "ATcom AT0703, 1.8 m (Toslink, silver head)"

The model is used to transmit high-quality sound in digital format from a playback device to a sound processor or amplifier. Advanced technologies ensure transmission without the slightest distortion with the accuracy of the original recording. The lenses mounted on the connectors have protective caps to prevent scratches. The cable is equipped with two Toslink connectors. The conductor material is fiber optic. The plugs are made of light and durable metal. Data transfer rate up to 15 Mbps. The recommended cost for retail chains is 597 rubles.

• Silver plated plugs;
• The presence of lenses with protective caps;
• Sufficient speed.

• Not detected.

To transfer data to network equipment

4th place: "Hyperline FO-STF-OUT-9S-4-PE-BK 9/125 (SMF-28 Ultra) single mode"

This example is made from a halogen-free compound and is insulated with thermoplastic elastomer. Supplied in coils of 100 meters. The number of tubes with fibers in the design is 4. It is adapted for laying outdoors. The shape of the wire is round. Operating temperature - from -20 to +60 degrees Celsius. The recommended cost for retail chains is 4,000 rubles.

• For home LANs;
• Wide operating temperature range;
• Possibility of external installation.

• Not detected.

3rd place: "Hyperline FO-SST-OUT-9S-4-PE-BK 9/125 (SMF-28 Ultra) single mode"

This sample has a modular tube diameter of 3.4 mm. The attenuation coefficient (at a wavelength of 1310 nm) is no more than: 0.35 dB/km, and at a wavelength of 1550 nm does not exceed 0.22 dB/km. The cable is 2.2 mm in diameter with a non-circular cable section of 6.4 x 12.9 mm. The recommended cost for retail chains is 10,700 rubles.

• The number of tubes with fibers - 4;
• Does not contain halogens;
• Good bend radius.

• Not detected.

2nd place: "Hyperline FO-AWSH-OUT-50-4-PE-BK 50/125 (OM2) multimode"

A simple and reliable wire that can transmit high-quality data over long distances. Can be mounted both outdoors and indoors. Has good shielding.It is universal for creation of local networks of average size. The recommended cost for retail outlets is 16,300 rubles.

• Supplied in coils of 100 meters;
• Universal;
• The signal is protected from attenuation.

• Not detected.

1st place: "Hyperline FO-AWS1-IN-50-4-LSZH-OR 50/125 (OM2) multimode"

The sample is capable of transmitting a broadband signal in multiple directions. Suitable for organizing multi-level communication fields. Mounted indoors only. The number of tubes with fibers is 4. The recommended cost for retail chains is 40,300 rubles.

• Bright orange wire marking;
• It is made completely according to TU (technical conditions) of the Russian Federation;
• The possibility of a large tensile force during installation.

• Too high price.

Conclusion

When forming any telecommunications networks based on fiber optic wires, it is preferable to follow the classic written recommendations in order to create a reliable and properly functioning network. These include the old, but not lost its relevance "Guidelines for the construction of linear backbone and intrazonal communication lines based on fiber optic cables." There, in an accessible form, all the minimum requirements for the reliability and stability of the field operation are stated, which is associated with the design features of the OB cables.